{"id":498,"date":"2015-02-09T20:57:04","date_gmt":"2015-02-09T12:57:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.datarelab.com\/blog\/?p=498"},"modified":"2015-02-09T20:57:04","modified_gmt":"2015-02-09T12:57:04","slug":"grub2%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6grub-cfg%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3grub2%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e6%89%8b%e5%86%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.datarelab.com\/blog\/Technical_literature\/498.html","title":{"rendered":"GRUB2\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\"grub.cfg\"\u8be6\u89e3(GRUB2\u5b9e\u6218\u624b\u518c)"},"content":{"rendered":"
GRUB2\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8eGRUB-2.0.2\u7248\u672c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u4e00\u5171\u6709200\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7c7b(\u6a21\u5757\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u4f4d\u4e8e\"moddep.lst\"\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d)\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5757[command.lst]
\n\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6807\u51c6Unix\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u5c06\u8fd1100\u4e2a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1acat cpuid echo halt lspci chainloader initrd linux password ...
\n\u52a0\u5bc6\u6a21\u5757[crypto.lst]
\n\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u6821\u9a8c\u4e0e\u5bc6\u7801\u7b97\u6cd5\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e00\u517120\u591a\u4e2a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1agcry_rijndael crc64 gcry_md5 ...
\n\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u5757[fs.lst]
\n\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bbf\u95ee\u5404\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e00\u517130\u591a\u4e2a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1abtrfs cpio exfat ext2 fat iso9660 ntfs tar xfs zfs ...
\n\u5206\u533a\u6a21\u5757[partmap.lst]
\n\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bc6\u522b\u5404\u79cd\u5206\u533a\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e00\u517110\u591a\u4e2a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1apart_bsd part_gpt part_msdos ...
\n\u5206\u533a\u5de5\u5177[parttool.lst]
\n\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u64cd\u4f5c\u5404\u79cd\u5206\u533a\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u53ea\u6709 msdospart \u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002
\n\u7ec8\u7aef\u6a21\u5757[terminal.lst]
\n\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u4e0d\u523010\u4e2a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aserial gfxterm vga_text at_keyboard ...
\n\u89c6\u9891\u6a21\u5757[video.lst]
\n\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u6a21\u5f0f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4e00\u51716\u4e2a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1avga vbe efi_gop efi_uga ...
\n\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757
\n\u6240\u6709\u672a\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5206\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u5f52\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e00\u5171\u5c06\u8fd1100\u4e2a\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\uff1a<\/p>\n

\"all_video\"\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u52a0\u8f7d\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u6a21\u5757\uff1b
\n\"gfxmenu\"\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e3b\u9898\u652f\u6301\uff1b
\n\"jpeg png tga\"\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u7279\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u56fe\u7247\u652f\u6301\uff1b
\n\"xzio gzio lzopio\"\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u7279\u5b9a\u538b\u7f29\u683c\u5f0f\u652f\u6301(\u5e38\u914d\u5408\"initrd\"\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528)\uff1b
\n\"memdisk\"\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u5b58\u76d8\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u5408MEMDISK\u5de5\u5177\u5f15\u5bfc\u5404\u79cd\u955c\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6(ISO\u955c\u50cf\/\u8f6f\u76d8\u955c\u50cf\/\u786c\u76d8\u955c\u50cf)\u3002<\/p>\n

GRUB2\u6551\u63f4\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n

GRUB2\u5728BIOS\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u542f\u52a8\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1aBIOS --> boot.img[MBR] --> core.img[MBR gap\/embedding area\/BIOS Boot Partition] --> \u8bbe\u7f6e\"prefix root cmdpath\"\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf --> \u52a0\u8f7d\"normal.mod\"\u6a21\u5757[\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5b83\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684 terminal crypto extcmd boot gettext \u6a21\u5757] --> \u6267\u884c\"normal $prefix\/grub.cfg\"\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

GRUB2\u5728UEFI\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u542f\u52a8\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\uff1aUEFI --> core.img[BOOTX64.EFI\/BOOTX86.EFI] --> \u8bbe\u7f6e\"prefix root cmdpath\"\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf --> \u52a0\u8f7d\"normal.mod\"\u6a21\u5757[\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5b83\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684 terminal crypto extcmd boot gettext \u6a21\u5757] --> \u6267\u884c\"normal $prefix\/grub.cfg\"\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4\u5168\u90e8\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165'\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f'\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u83dc\u5355(\u627e\u5230\u4e86'$prefix\/grub.cfg')\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u5165GRUB SHELL(\u6ca1\u627e\u5230'$prefix\/grub.cfg')\u3002\u5728\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5757[command.lst]\u4e0e\u52a0\u5bc6\u6a21\u5757[crypto.lst]\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u6309\u9700\u8f7d\u5165(\u65e0\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\"insmod\"\u547d\u4ee4)\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u6574\u7684GRUB\u811a\u672c\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u660e\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\"insmod\"\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8f7d\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\"normal.mod\"\u6a21\u5757\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165GRUB2\u7684'\u6551\u63f4\u6a21\u5f0f'\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5e38\u89c4\u7684'\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f'\u3002\u5728\u6551\u63f4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0cGRUB\u53ea\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\"cmdpath prefix root\"\u4e09\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\"insmod ls set unset\"\u56db\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u547d\u4ee4,\u53d8\u91cf,\u89e3\u6790\u5668,\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u6551\u63f4\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u7684GRUB2\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u8bf7\u8ba4\u771f\u9605\u8bfb'grub-install --help'\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u9009\u9879\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u7ec6\u8282\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003GRUB2\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\"GRUB only offers a rescue shell\"\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

GRUB2\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219
\n\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u5206\u533a<\/p>\n

GRUB2\u5bf9\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u5206\u533a\u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u4e3e\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u5c31\u80fd\u660e\u767d\u3002\u9700\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\u78c1\u76d8\u4ece\"0\"\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570\uff0c\u5206\u533a\u4ece\"1\"\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801:<\/b><\/div>\n
(fd0)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6f\u76d8
\n(hd0)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e00\u786c\u76d8[\u5927\u591a\u6570U\u76d8\u4e0eUSB\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u786c\u76d8\u4ee5\u53caSD\u5361\u4e5f\u90fd\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u786c\u76d8\u770b\u5f85]
\n(hd1,1)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5206\u533a(\u901a\u7528\u4e8eMBR\u4e0eGPT\u5206\u533a)
\n(hd0,msdos2)\u00a0 \u00a0\u7b2c\u4e00\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8cMBR\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684DOS\u5206\u533a\u8868
\n(hd1,msdos5)\u00a0 \u00a0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e94MBR\u5206\u533a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a
\n(hd0,gpt1)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7b2c\u4e00\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00GPT\u5206\u533a
\n(cd)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u542f\u52a8\u5149\u76d8[\u4ec5\u5728\u4ece\u5149\u76d8\u542f\u52a8GRUB\u65f6\u53ef\u7528]
\n(cd0)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e00\u5149\u76d8
\n(memdisk)\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5185\u5b58\u76d8[\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a]<\/div>\n

\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u4e3e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4ec5\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003GRUB2\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\"Naming convention\"\u4e0e\"How to specify devices\"\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u770b\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728GRUB SHELL\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\"ls\"\u547d\u4ee4(\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5148\u52a0\u8f7d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u6a21\u5757)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a(1)\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff0c(2)\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801:<\/b><\/div>\n
(fd0)\/grldr\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6f\u76d8\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\"grldr\"\u6587\u4ef6[\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84]
\n(hd0,gpt1)\/boot\/vmlinuz\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7b2c\u4e00\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00GPT\u5206\u533a\"boot\"\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\"vmlinuz\"\u6587\u4ef6[\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84]
\n\/boot\/vmlinuz\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6839\u8bbe\u5907\"boot\"\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\"vmlinuz\"\u6587\u4ef6[\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84]\uff0c
\n\u5f53\"root\"\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\"(hd0,gpt1)\"\u65f6\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\"(hd0,gpt1)\/boot\/vmlinuz\"<\/div>\n

\u4e0a\u9762\u6240\u4e3e\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4ec5\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003GRUB2\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\"How to specify files\"\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

\u78c1\u76d8\u5757<\/p>\n

\u78c1\u76d8\u5757\u7684\u547d\u540d\u65b9\u6cd5\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a(1)\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff0c(2)\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801:<\/b><\/div>\n
(hd1,1)0+1\u00a0 \u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u786c\u76d8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5206\u533a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ece\u7b2c\"0\"\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u5757(\u9996\u6247\u533a)\u8d77\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\"1\"\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u5757\u3002[\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84]
\n(hd1,1)+1\u00a0 \u00a0\u542b\u4e49\u4e0e\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u4ece\u7b2c\"0\"\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u5757(\u9996\u6247\u533a)\u8d77\u65f6\uff0c\"0\"\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u4e0d\u5199\u3002[\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84]
\n+1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5728\u6839\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ece\u7b2c\"0\"\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u5757(\u9996\u6247\u533a)\u8d77\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\"1\"\u7684\u8fde\u7eed\u5757\u3002[\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84]
\n\u5f53\"root\"\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\u4e8e\"(hd1,1)\"\u65f6\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\"(hd1,1)0+1\"<\/div>\n

\u78c1\u76d8\u5757\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ea\u7528\u4e8e\u94fe\u5f0f\u5f15\u5bfc(chainloader)\u7684\u573a\u5408\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5757\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003GRUB2\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\"How to specify block lists\"\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

GRUB2\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n

GRUB2\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u7c7b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u7531GRUB2\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5176\u503c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u4e14\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\u662f\u624b\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u521d\u59cb\u503c(\u6216\u8005\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u4e3a\u7a7a)\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u624b\u52a8\u660e\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u9644\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u9644\u52a0\u6a21\u5757\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u624d\u53d8\u5f97\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ece\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0cGRUB2\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a(1)\u6838\u5fc3\u53d8\u91cf\uff0cGRUB2\u6838\u5fc3\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u52a0\u8f7d\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u53ea\u6709\"cmdpath prefix root\"\u4e09\u4e2a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u90fd\u7531GRUB2\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002(2)\u6a21\u5757\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u5c5e\u6b64\u7c7b\u3002(3)\u811a\u672c\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u7f16\u5199grub.cfg\u811a\u672c\u800c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e00\u822c\u7684bash\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u6709\u5173GRUB2\u811a\u672c\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8bf4\u660e\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003GRUB2\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\"Writing full configuration files directly\"\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5176\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0ebash\u811a\u672c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4e0a\u624b\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u3002
\n\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u542b\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u5217\u51fa\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003GRUB2\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\"Special environment variables\"\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n

?
\n\u4e0a\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff0c\u96f6\u8868\u793a\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u975e\u96f6\u8868\u793a\u5931\u8d25[\u4e0ebash\u4e00\u6837]\u3002\u7531GRUB2\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u3002
\ncheck_signatures
\n\u662f\u5426\u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u5f3a\u5236\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b7e\u540d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u4e3a'yes'\u6216'no'
\nchosen
\n\u5f53\u524d\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u7684\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u540d\u79f0(\u7d27\u8ddf\"menuentry\"\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u8005'--id'\u9009\u9879\u7684\u53c2\u6570)\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982'Windows 7'\u3002\u7531GRUB2\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u3002
\ncmdpath
\n\u5f53\u524d\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\"core.img\"\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55(\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84)\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aUEFI\u542f\u52a8\u53ef\u80fd\u662f'(hd0,gpt1)\/EFI\/UBUNTU'\u6216'(cd0)\/EFI\/BOOT'\uff0cBIOS\u542f\u52a8\u53ef\u80fd\u662f'(hd0)'\u3002\u7531GRUB2\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u3002
\ndebug
\n\u8bbe\u4e3a'all'\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u5f00\u542f\u8c03\u8bd5\u8f93\u51fa[\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5927\u91cf\u4fe1\u606f,\u8c28\u614e\u5f00\u542f]
\ndefault
\n\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9009\u4e2d\u7b2c\u51e0\u4e2a\u83dc\u5355\u9879(\u4ece'0'\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570)
\nfallback
\n\u5982\u679c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u542f\u52a8\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u542f\u52a8\u7b2c\u51e0\u4e2a\u83dc\u5355\u9879(\u4ece'0'\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570)
\ngfxmode
\n\u8bbe\u7f6e\"gfxterm\"\u6a21\u5757\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u7531\u9017\u53f7\u6216\u5206\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ee5\u4f9b\u9010\u4e00\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\uff1a'auto'(\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b),'\u5bbdx\u9ad8','\u5bbdx\u9ad8x\u8272\u6df1'\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528VBE\u6807\u51c6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f[640x480,800x600,1024x768,1280x1024]x[16,24,32]\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728GRUB SHELL\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\"videoinfo\"\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f'auto'\u3002
\ngfxpayload
\n\u8bbe\u7f6eLinux\u5185\u6838\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u7ec4\u7531\u9017\u53f7\u6216\u5206\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4ee5\u4f9b\u9010\u4e00\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\uff1a'text'(\u666e\u901a\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f,\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8eUEFI\u5e73\u53f0),'keep'(\u7ee7\u627f\"gfxmode\"\u7684\u503c),'auto'(\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b),'\u5bbdx\u9ad8','\u5bbdx\u9ad8x\u8272\u6df1'\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528VBE\u6807\u51c6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f[640x480,800x600,1024x768,1280x1024]x[16,24,32]\u3002\u5728BIOS\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f'text'\uff0c\u5728UEFI\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f'auto'\u3002\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u60f3\u660e\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6eLinux\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u7387(\u8981\u6c42\u5185\u6838\u5fc5\u987b\"CONFIG_FRAMEBUFFER_CONSOLE=y\")\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6253\u7b97\u5728BIOS\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u5f62\u63a7\u5236\u53f0(\u8981\u6c42\u5185\u6838\u5fc5\u987b\"CONFIG_FRAMEBUFFER_CONSOLE=y\")\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b64\u53d8\u91cf\u3002
\ngfxterm_font
\n\u8bbe\u7f6e\"gfxterm\"\u6a21\u5757\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u4f53\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u5b57\u4f53
\ngrub_cpu
\n\u6b64GRUB\u6240\u9002\u7528\u7684CPU\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a'i386', 'x86_64'\u3002\u7531GRUB2\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u3002
\ngrub_platform
\n\u6b64GRUB\u6240\u9002\u7528\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a'pc', 'efi'\u3002\u7531GRUB2\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u3002
\nlang
\n\u8bbe\u7f6eGRUB2\u7684\u754c\u9762\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u642d\u914d\"locale_dir\"\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u7b80\u4f53\u4e2d\u6587\u5e94\u8bbe\u4e3a'zh_CN'\u3002
\nlocale_dir
\n\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6587\u4ef6(*.mo)\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f'$prefix\/locale'\uff0c\u82e5\u672a\u660e\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u7981\u6b62\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u3002
\npager
\n\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u4e3a'1'\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6bcf\u4e00\u6ee1\u5c4f\u540e\u6682\u505c\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u7f3a\u7701\u662f''\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u6682\u505c\u3002
\nprefix
\n\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684'\/boot\/grub'\u76ee\u5f55\u4f4d\u7f6e(\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fGRUB2\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55)\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982'(hd0,gpt1)\/grub'\u6216'(hd0,msdos2)\/boot\/grub'\u3002\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u7531GRUB\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u6839\u636e\"grub-install\"\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u3002
\nroot
\n\u8bbe\u7f6e\"\u6839\u8bbe\u5907\"\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u89c6\u4e3a\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6b64\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u7531GRUB\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u6839\u636e\"prefix\"\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\u81ea\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u3002
\nsuperusers
\n\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u7ec4\"\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\"(\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\/\u9017\u53f7\/\u5206\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u9694)\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f00\u542f\u5b89\u5168\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002
\ntheme
\n\u8bbe\u7f6e\u83dc\u5355\u754c\u9762\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u98ce\u683c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\"\/boot\/grub\/themes\/starfield\/theme.txt\"\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u5236\u754c\u9762\u98ce\u683c(\u80cc\u666f\u56fe\u7247\/\u5b57\u4f53\/\u989c\u8272\/\u56fe\u6807\u7b49)\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003GRUB2\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\"Theme file format\"\u90e8\u5206\u3002
\ntimeout
\n\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u9ed8\u8ba4\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u524d\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u79d2\u6570\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f'5'\u79d2\u3002'0'\u8868\u793a\u76f4\u63a5\u542f\u52a8\u9ed8\u8ba4\u83dc\u5355\u9879(\u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u83dc\u5355)\uff0c'-1'\u8868\u793a\u6c38\u8fdc\u7b49\u5f85\u3002<\/p>\n

GRUB2\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8eGRUB-2.0.2\u7248\u672c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u5927\u7ea6200\u4e2a\u4e4b\u591a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u7684\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7531\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u53bb\u4e86\u89e3\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b200\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef(\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c31\u8fde\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u51fa\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8bf4\u660e)\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8bf4\u660e\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003GRUB2\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\"The list of available commands\"\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e8c\u7ea7\u9875\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

menuentry \"title\" [--class=class \u2026] [--users=users] [--unrestricted] [--hotkey=key] [--id=id] [arg \u2026] { command; \u2026 }<\/p>\n

\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\"title\"\u7684\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u3002\u5f53\u6b64\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u88ab\u9009\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0cGRUB\u5c06\u4f1a\u628a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\"chosen\"\u7684\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3a\"id\"(\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86[--id=id]\u9009\u9879)\u6216\"title\"(\u672a\u4f7f\u7528[--id=id]\u9009\u9879)\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5df2\u7ecf\u8f7d\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u6838\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u6267\u884c\"boot\"\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 --class \u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\"\u6837\u5f0f\u7c7b\"\u3002\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u6837\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 --users \u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b64\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5141\u8bb8\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 --unrestricted \u9009\u9879\u6307\u660e\u5141\u8bb8\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b64\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 --hotkey \u9009\u9879\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b64\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u7684\u70ed\u952e(\u5feb\u6377\u952e)\u3002\"key\"\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c\u6216\u8005'backspace','tab','delete'\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 --id \u9009\u9879\u4e3a\u6b64\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u3002\"id\"\u5fc5\u987b\u7531ASCII\u5b57\u6bcd\/\u6570\u5b57\/\u4e0b\u5212\u7ebf\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5f97\u4ee5\u6570\u5b57\u5f00\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n

[arg \u2026]\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\"title\"\u4e5f\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e2a\u5fc5\u987b\u53c2\u6570\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\"title\"\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\"$1\"\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002
\nterminal_input [--append|--remove] [terminal1] [terminal2] \u2026<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 --append \u9009\u9879\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7ec8\u7aef\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5411GRUB\u63d0\u4f9b\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 --remove \u9009\u9879\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u4ece\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7ec8\u7aef\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002
\nterminal_output [--append|--remove] [terminal1] [terminal2] \u2026<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 --append \u9009\u9879\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ec8\u7aef\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u90fd\u5c06\u63a5\u53d7\u5230GRUB\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 --remove \u9009\u9879\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u4ece\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ec8\u7aef\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ec8\u7aef\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002
\nauthenticate [userlist]<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u4f4d\u4e8e\"userlist\"\u6216\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\"superusers\"\u4e2d\u3002[\u6ce8\u610f]\u5982\u679c\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\"superusers\"\u7684\u503c\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de'\u771f'\u3002
\nbackground_color color<\/p>\n

\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f53\u524d\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u989c\u8272\u3002\"color\"\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528HTML\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u989c\u8272\u8868\u793a\u6cd5(\"#RRGGBB\"\u6216\"#RGB\")\u3002<\/p>\n

[\u6ce8\u610f]\u4ec5\u5728\u4f7f\u7528'gfxterm'\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u80cc\u666f\u8272\u3002
\nbackground_image [[--mode 'stretch'|'normal'] file]<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u56fe\u7247\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\"file\"\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u9664\u975e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\"--mode 'normal'\"\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u56fe\u7247\u5c06\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u7f29\u653e\u4ee5\u586b\u6ee1\u6574\u4e2a\u5c4f\u5e55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u9009\u9879\u4e0e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5220\u9664\u80cc\u666f\u56fe\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n

[\u6ce8\u610f]\u4ec5\u5728\u4f7f\u7528'gfxterm'\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u80cc\u666f\u56fe\u7247\u3002
\nboot<\/p>\n

\u542f\u52a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u8f7d\u5165\u7684OS\u6216\u94fe\u5f0f\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u3002\u4ec5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u4e8e\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u662f\u9690\u542b\u7684\u3002
\ncat [--dos] file<\/p>\n

\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\"file\"\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\"--dos\"\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\"\u56de\u8f66\/\u6362\u884c\u7b26\"\u5c06\u88ab\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u56de\u8f66\u7b26\u5c06\u88ab\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u7b26(<d>)\u3002
\nchainloader [--force] file<\/p>\n

\u94fe\u5f0f\u52a0\u8f7d\"file\"\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u5757\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7528'+1'\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6839\u5206\u533a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6247\u533a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 --force \u9009\u9879\u5f3a\u5236\u8f7d\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u8f7d\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u8f7d\u5165\u5668(\u4f8b\u5982 SCO UnixWare 7.1)\u3002
\nconfigfile file<\/p>\n

\u5c06\"file\"\u4f5c\u4e3a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002\u5982\u679c\"file\"\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u83dc\u5355\u9879\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7acb\u5373\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u83dc\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n

[\u6ce8\u610f]\"file\"\u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u53d8\u66f4\u90fd\u5c06\u5728\u4ece\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd4\u56de\u540e\u5931\u6548\u3002
\ncpuid [-l]<\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5CPU\u7279\u6027\u3002\u4ec5\u5728x86\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 -l \u9009\u9879\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679cCPU\u662f64\u4f4d\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u771f\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u5047\u3002
\ndrivemap -l|-r|[-s] from_drive to_drive<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5c06\"from_drive\"\u6620\u5c04\u5230\"to_drive\"\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u94fe\u5f0f\u52a0\u8f7dWindows\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u53ea\u80fd\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u786c\u76d8\u542f\u52a8\u3002\u51fa\u4e8e\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5206\u533a\u540e\u7f00\u5c06\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f60\u53ef\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u5c06\"${root}\"\u4f5c\u4e3a\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 -s \u9009\u9879\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u53cd\u5411\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ea4\u6362\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a drivemap -s (hd0) (hd1)<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 -l \u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 -r \u9009\u9879\uff0c\u628a\u6620\u5c04\u91cd\u7f6e\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u64a4\u9500\u6240\u6709\u5f53\u524d\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u3002
\necho [-n] [-e] string \u2026<\/p>\n

\u663e\u793a\u6240\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5e76\u6362\u884c(\u9664\u975e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 -n \u9009\u9879)\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u8f93\u51fa\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\u5206\u9694\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u548cbash\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u5185\u4f7f\u7528\"${var}\"\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 -e \u9009\u9879\u6fc0\u6d3b\u5bf9\u53cd\u659c\u6760\u8f6c\u4e49\u7b26\u7684\u89e3\u91ca( \\\\ \\a \\r \\n \\t ...)\u3002
\nexport envvar<\/p>\n

\u5bfc\u51fa\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\"envvar\"\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5176\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\"configfile\"\u547d\u4ee4\u8f7d\u5165\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u89c1\u3002
\nfalse<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\uff0c\u53ea\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u5728if\/while\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6784\u9020\u4e2d\u3002
\ngettext string<\/p>\n

\u628a\"string\"\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\"lang\"\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002MO\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6587\u4ef6\u4ece\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\"locale_dir\"\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002
\nhalt [--no-apm]<\/p>\n

\u5173\u95ed\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86 --no-apm \u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u6267\u884cAPM BIOS\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f7f\u7528APM\u5173\u95ed\u3002
\nhelp [pattern \u2026]<\/p>\n

\u663e\u793a\u5185\u5efa\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\"pattern\"\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u7b80\u77ed\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\"pattern\"\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u540d\u5b57\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e9b\"pattern\"\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
\ninitrd file<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4ee532\u4f4d\u534f\u8bae\u542f\u52a8\u7684Linux\u5185\u6838\u8f7d\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\"initial ramdisk\"\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u7684Linux\u8bbe\u7f6e\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5408\u9002\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

[\u6ce8\u610f]\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728\"linux\"\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
\ninitrd16 file<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4ee516\u4f4d\u534f\u8bae\u542f\u52a8\u7684Linux\u5185\u6838\u8f7d\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\"initial ramdisk\"\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u7684Linux\u8bbe\u7f6e\u533a\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5408\u9002\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

[\u6ce8\u610f]\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728\"linux16\"\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
\ninsmod module<\/p>\n

\u8f7d\u5165\u540d\u4e3a\"module\"\u7684GRUB2\u6a21\u5757\u3002
\nlinux file \u2026<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u752832\u4f4d\u542f\u52a8\u534f\u8bae\u4ece\"file\"\u8f7d\u5165\u4e00\u4e2aLinux\u5185\u6838\u6620\u50cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u9010\u5b57\u4f20\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n

[\u6ce8\u610f]\u4f7f\u752832\u4f4d\u542f\u52a8\u534f\u8bae\u610f\u5473\u7740'vga='\u542f\u52a8\u9009\u9879\u5c06\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u660e\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\"gfxpayload\"\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u867d\u7136GRUB\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5730\u68c0\u6d4b\u67d0\u4e9b'vga='\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u5408\u9002\u7684\"gfxpayload\"\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u3002
\nlinux16 file \u2026<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4f20\u7edf\u768416\u4f4d\u542f\u52a8\u534f\u8bae\u4ece\"file\"\u8f7d\u5165\u4e00\u4e2aLinux\u5185\u6838\u6620\u50cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u9010\u5b57\u4f20\u5165\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e9b\u9075\u5b88Linux\u542f\u52a8\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u5de5\u5177(\u4f8b\u5982MEMDISK)\u3002<\/p>\n

[\u6ce8\u610f]\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u768416\u4f4d\u542f\u52a8\u534f\u8bae\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff1a(1)'vga='\u542f\u52a8\u9009\u9879\u4f9d\u7136\u6709\u6548\uff0c(2)\u4e0d\u80fd\u542f\u52a8\u7eaf64\u4f4d\u5185\u6838(\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5185\u6838\u5fc5\u987b\u8981'CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION=y'\u624d\u884c)\u3002
\nloadfont file \u2026<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\"file\"\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b57\u4f53\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5426\u5219\"file\"\u5c06\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\"$prefix\/fonts\/file.pf2\"\u6587\u4ef6\u3002
\nloopback [-d] device file<\/p>\n

\u5c06\"file\"\u6587\u4ef6\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\"device\"\u56de\u73af\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

loopback loop0 \/path\/to\/image
\nls (loop0)\/<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 -d \u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u5148\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002
\nls [arg \u2026]<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5bf9GRUB\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u5305\u542b\u5728\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5217\u51fa\u8be5\u8bbe\u5907\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4ee5\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5217\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002
\nlsfonts<\/p>\n

\u5217\u51fa\u5df2\u7ecf\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u4f53
\nlsmod<\/p>\n

\u5217\u51fa\u5df2\u7ecf\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757
\nnormal [file]<\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u5165\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793aGRUB\u83dc\u5355\u3002[\u8bf4\u660e]\u53ea\u8981\u5f53\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u5904\u4e8e\u6551\u63f4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u5728\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u901a\u5e38\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u660e\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5757[command.lst]\u4e0e\u52a0\u5bc6\u6a21\u5757[crypto.lst]\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u6309\u9700\u8f7d\u5165(\u65e0\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\"insmod\"\u547d\u4ee4)\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u6574\u7684GRUB\u811a\u672c\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u660e\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\"insmod\"\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8f7d\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\"file\"\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u5165\u547d\u4ee4(\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\"grub.cfg\"\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3)\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c06\u4ece\"$prefix\/grub.cfg\"\u4e2d\u8bfb\u5165\u547d\u4ee4(\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8bdd)\u3002\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\"file\"\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f'$prefix\/grub.cfg'\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5957\u8c03\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\"configfile\"\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u76ee\u7684\u3002
\nnormal_exit<\/p>\n

\u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0d\u662f\u5d4c\u5957\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f\u91cc\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u6551\u63f4\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002
\nparttool partition commands<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u5206\u533a\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u53ea\u80fd\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8eMBR\u5206\u533a\u8868(DOS\u5206\u533a\u8868)\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8eGPT\u5206\u533a\u8868\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u4ec5\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u79cd\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

(1)\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6216\u53bb\u6389\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\u6807\u8bb0(\u4ec5\u5bf9Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u610f\u4e49)\u3002
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\"parttool (hd0,msdos2) +boot\"\u8868\u793a\u4e3a(hd0,msdos2)\u5206\u533a\u52a0\u4e0a\u6fc0\u6d3b\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u800c\"parttool (hd0,msdos2) -boot\"\u5219\u8868\u793a\u53bb\u6389(hd0,msdos2)\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\u6807\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n

(2)\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6216\u53bb\u6389\u5206\u533a\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u6807\u8bb0(\u4ec5\u5bf9Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u610f\u4e49)\u3002
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\"parttool (hd0,msdos2) +hidden\"\u8868\u793a\u4e3a(hd0,msdos2)\u5206\u533a\u52a0\u4e0a\u9690\u85cf\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u800c\"parttool (hd0,msdos2) -hidden\"\u5219\u8868\u793a\u53bb\u6389(hd0,msdos2)\u5206\u533a\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u6807\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n

(3)\u66f4\u6539\u5206\u533a\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5176\u503c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f0x00-0xFF\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u503c\u3002\u4e14\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528'0xNN'\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u3002
\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\"parttool (hd0,msdos2) type=0x83\"\u8868\u793a\u5c06(hd0,msdos2)\u5206\u533a\u7c7b\u578b\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a'0x83'(Linux\u5206\u533a)\u3002
\npassword user clear-password<\/p>\n

\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3auser\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u660e\u6587\u53e3\u4ee4'clear-password'\u3002\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u3002
\npassword_pbkdf2 user hashed-password<\/p>\n

\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3auser\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u54c8\u5e0c\u53e3\u4ee4'hashed-password'(\u901a\u8fc7\"grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2\"\u5de5\u5177\u751f\u6210)\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002
\nprobe [--set var] --driver|--partmap|--fs|--fs-uuid|--label device<\/p>\n

\u63d0\u53d6\"device\"\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 --set \u9009\u9879\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\"var\"\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5c06\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u76f4\u63a5\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u3002
\nread [var]<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u884c\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u5b9a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\"var\"\uff0c\u5219\u628a\u5b83\u8bbe\u4e3a\u6240\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u884c(\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26)\u3002
\nreboot<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8
\nrmmod module<\/p>\n

\u5378\u8f7d\"module\"\u6a21\u5757
\nsearch [--file|--label|--fs-uuid] [--set [var]] [--no-floppy] name<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6[--file]\u3001\u5377\u6807[--label]\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edfUUID[--fs-uuid]\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 --set \u9009\u9879\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u627e\u5230\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\"var\"\u7684\u503c\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\"var\"\u662f'root'\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 --no-floppy \u9009\u9879\u6765\u7981\u6b62\u67e5\u627e\u8f6f\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907\u975e\u5e38\u6162\u3002
\nset [envvar=value]<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\"envvar\"\u7684\u503c\u8bbe\u4e3a'value'\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5219\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u53ca\u5176\u503c\u3002
\nsource file<\/p>\n

\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\"file\"\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4e0e\"configfile\"\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u65e2\u4e0d\u5207\u6362\u6267\u884c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u83dc\u5355\u3002
\ntest expression
\n[ expression ]<\/p>\n

\u8ba1\u7b97\"expression\"\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u771f\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u96f6\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u5047\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u975e\u96f6\u503c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u5728if\/while\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6784\u9020\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u7528\u7684\"expression\"\u6a21\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b(\u4e0ebash\u7c7b\u4f3c)\uff1a<\/p>\n

string1 == string2 [string1\u4e0estring2\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c]
\nstring1 != string2 [string1\u4e0estring2\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c]
\nstring1 < string2 [string1\u5728\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0a\u5c0f\u4e8estring2]
\nstring1 <= string2 [string1\u5728\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0a\u5c0f\u4e8estring2\u6216\u4e0estring2\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c]
\nstring1 > string2 [string1\u5728\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0a\u5927\u4e8estring2]
\nstring1 >= string2 [string1\u5728\u5b57\u6bcd\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0a\u5927\u4e8estring2\u6216\u4e0estring2\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c]
\ninteger1 -eq integer2 [integer1\u7b49\u4e8einteger2]
\ninteger1 -ge integer2 [integer1\u5927\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8einteger2]
\ninteger1 -gt integer2 [integer1\u5927\u4e8einteger2]
\ninteger1 -le integer2 [integer1\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8einteger2]
\ninteger1 -lt integer2 [integer1\u5c0f\u4e8einteger2]
\ninteger1 -ne integer2 [integer1\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8einteger2]
\nprefixinteger1 -pgt prefixinteger2 [\u5254\u9664\u975e\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\u9996\u90e8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cinteger1\u5927\u4e8einteger2]
\nprefixinteger1 -plt prefixinteger2 [\u5254\u9664\u975e\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\u9996\u90e8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cinteger1\u5c0f\u4e8einteger2]
\nfile1 -nt file2 [file1\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4file2\u65b0]
\nfile1 -ot file2 [file1\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4file2\u65e7]
\n-d file [file\u5b58\u5728\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55]
\n-e file [file\u5b58\u5728]
\n-f file [file\u5b58\u5728\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55]
\n-s file [file\u5b58\u5728\u5e76\u4e14\u6587\u4ef6\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5927\u4e8e\u96f6]
\n-n string [string\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5927\u4e8e\u96f6]
\nstring [string\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5927\u4e8e\u96f6]
\n-z string [string\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4e8e\u96f6]
\n( expression ) \u5c06expression\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53(\u5206\u7ec4)
\n! expression \u975e(NOT)
\nexpression1 -a expression2 \u4e0e(AND)
\nexpression1 -o expression2 \u6216(OR)<\/p>\n

true<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4e8b\uff0c\u53ea\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u5728if\/while\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6784\u9020\u4e2d\u3002
\nunset envvar<\/p>\n

\u64a4\u9500\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\"envvar\"
\nvideoinfo [[WxH]xD]<\/p>\n

\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5f53\u524d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u5206\u8fa8\u7387(\u6216\u8005\u8fd8\u9644\u52a0\u4e86\u8272\u6df1)\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u4e0e\u5176\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

GRUB2\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n

\u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cGRUB\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u8fdb\u5165\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5e76\u7f16\u8f91\u4efb\u610f\u83dc\u5355\u9879\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95eeGRUB SHELL\u3002\u8981\u542f\u7528\u8ba4\u8bc1\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\"superusers\"\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u7528\u6237\u540d(\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u683c\/\u9017\u53f7\/\u5206\u53f7\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u7b26)\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5c06\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\"superusers\"\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528GRUB\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u610f\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u3002\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\"superusers\"\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u90a3\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e --users \u9009\u9879\u7684\u83dc\u5355\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728 --users \u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u7684\u83dc\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528GRUB\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u7247\u6bb5\u4e3e\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801:<\/b><\/div>\n
set superusers=\"root\"
\npassword_pbkdf2 root grub.pbkdf2.sha512.10000.biglongstring
\npassword user1 insecure<\/p>\n

menuentry \"\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u83dc\u5355\" --unrestricted {
\n...
\n}<\/p>\n

menuentry \"\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u83dc\u5355\" --users \"\" {
\n...
\n}<\/p>\n

menuentry \"\u5141\u8bb8 user1 \u548c\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u83dc\u5355\" --users user1 {
\n...
\n}<\/p><\/div>\n

\u6709\u5173GRUB2\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u8be6\u60c5\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003GRUB2\u624b\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\"Security\"\u90e8\u5206\u3002
\nGRUB2\u5b9e\u7528\u6280\u5de7
\n\u5982\u4f55\u7ed9GRUB2\u83dc\u5355\u52a0\u4e0a\u80cc\u666f\u56fe\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u5f20PNG\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u6700\u597d\u662f\"1024x768\"\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe\u7247\u653e\u5230\"$prefix\/themes\/1024x768.png\"(\"$prefix\"\u662fGRUB2\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55)\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5728'grub.cfg'\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5982\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n

set gfxmode=1024x768,auto
\ninsmod gfxterm
\ninsmod png
\nterminal_output gfxterm
\nbackground_image $prefix\/themes\/1024x768.png<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9GRUB2\u663e\u793a\u4e2d\u6587\u754c\u9762(\u5305\u62ec\u663e\u793a\u4e2d\u6587\u83dc\u5355\u9879)\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8eGRUB2\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u4f7f\u7528UTF-8\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6240\u6709\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6(\u5305\u62ec'grub.cfg')\u4e5f\u90fd\u88ab\u5047\u5b9a\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528UTF-8\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u4e71\u7801\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u4ee5UTF-8\u7f16\u7801\u4fdd\u5b58'grub.cfg'\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

set gfxterm_font=unicode
\nset lang=zh_CN
\nset locale_dir=$prefix\/locale
\ninsmod gfxterm
\nterminal_output gfxterm
\nloadfont unicode<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u66f4\u6539GRUB2\u7684\u5b57\u4f53\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684unicode\u5b57\u4f53\u57281024x768\u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u7684\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u663e\u5f97\u592a\u5c0f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5b57\u4f53\u4e0d\u597d\u770b\uff0c\u60f3\u6362\u6362\u53e3\u5473\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u81ea\u5df1\u52a8\u624b\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2apf2\u5b57\u4f53\u5462\uff1f\u90a3\u5c31\u8981\u7528\u5230\"grub-mkfont\"\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2attc\u5b57\u4f53(\u6587\u6cc9\u9a7f\u7b49\u5bbd\u5fae\u7c73\u9ed1)\u5236\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a24px\u5927\u5c0f\u7684pf2\u5b57\u4f53\uff1a<\/p>\n

grub-mkfont -i1 -n WenQuanYiMicroHeiMono24px -o WenQuanYiMicroHeiMono24px.pf2 -s24 -v wqy-microhei.ttc<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u5236\u4f5c\u597d\u7684\u5b57\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6(WenQuanYiMicroHeiMono24px.pf2)\u653e\u5230\"$prefix\/fonts\"\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u4fee\u6539'grub.cfg'\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n

set gfxterm_font=WenQuanYiMicroHeiMono24px
\nloadfont WenQuanYiMicroHeiMono24px<\/p>\n

[\u6ce8\u610f]\u4f60\u6700\u597d\u4f7f\u7528\u7b49\u5bbd\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u4f53(\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u6cc9\u9a7f\u7b49\u5bbd\u6b63\u9ed1\u6216\u8005\u7b49\u5bbd\u5fae\u7c73\u9ed1)\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9GRUB2\u7684\u5b57\u4f53\u95f4\u8ddd\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u5341\u5206\u96be\u770b\u3002
\n\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528GRUB2\u5f15\u5bfcWindowsPE\u7684ISO\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/p>\n

GRUB4DOS\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38cool\u7684'\u78c1\u76d8\u6620\u5c04'\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u7528\u4e8e\u542f\u52a8WinPE\u7684ISO\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5c06GRUB2\u7684\"memdisk\"\u6a21\u5757\u914d\u5408MEMDISK\u5de5\u5177\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u5bfc\u5404\u79cd\u955c\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ecISO\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u8f6f\/\u786c\u76d8\u955c\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u5b89\u88c5\u6216\u8005\u4e0b\u8f7d\"syslinux\"\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\"memdisk\"\u6587\u4ef6(\u4f4d\u4e8e'\/usr\/share\/syslinux\/memdisk'\u6216'bios\/memdisk\/memdisk')\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5b83\u590d\u5236\u5230GRUB2\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4f4d\u4e8e\"$prefix\/memdisk\"\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u5f15\u5bfc\u7684WindowsPE\u7684ISO\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5047\u5b9a\u4f60\u548c\"memdisk\"\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4f4d\u4e8e\"$prefix\/WinPE.ISO\"\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8282\u7ea6\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528gzip\u5bf9ISO\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5728'grub.cfg'\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5982\u4e0b\u83dc\u5355\u9879(\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9ISO\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86gzip\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\"insmod gzio\"\u547d\u4ee4)\uff1a<\/p>\n

menuentry \"Windows PE\" --unrestricted {
\ninsmod memdisk
\nlinux16 $prefix\/memdisk iso raw
\ninitrd16 $prefix\/WinPE.ISO
\n}<\/p>\n

[\u6ce8\u610f]\u4e0eGRUB4DOS\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\"memdisk\"\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u955c\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5b9e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u62e6\u622aBIOS\u7684 INT 13h \u4e0e INT 15h \u8c03\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8eBIOS\u6a21\u5f0f\u542f\u52a8\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8eUEFI\u6a21\u5f0f\u542f\u52a8
\n\u6a21\u62df\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u8f6f\u76d8\/\u5149\u76d8\/\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b9e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u8bc6\u522b(DOS,FreeDOS)\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u8bc6\u522b(Windows,Linux,BSD)
\n\u4ece\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u5f15\u5bfcWinPE\u7684ISO\u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8eDOS\/FreeDOS\u7684\u955c\u50cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u5f15\u5bfc\u5404\u79cdLinux\u7684LiveCD ISO<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528GRUB2\u5f15\u5bfcLinux LiveCD\u7684ISO\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\"iso-scan\/filename=\"\u6216\"findiso=\"\u4e4b\u7c7b\u53c2\u6570\u7684Linux LiveCD\uff0c\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u672a\u63d0\u4f9b\u6b64\u7c7b\u53c2\u6570\u7684LiveCD(\u4f8b\u5982Gentoo)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee5\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684'Ubuntu LiveCD'\u4e3a\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5047\u5b9a\u4f60\u5c06ISO\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5728'(hd0,gpt3)\/ISO\/Ubuntu.iso'\uff1b\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728'grub.cfg'\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5982\u4e0b\u83dc\u5355\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n

menuentry \"Ubuntu LiveCD\" --unrestricted {
\nloopback loop0 (hd0,gpt3)\/ISO\/Ubuntu.iso
\nset root=(loop0)
\nlinux \/casper\/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan\/filename=\/ISO\/Ubuntu.iso ro locale=zh_CN.UTF-8
\ninitrd \/casper\/initrd.lz
\n}<\/p>\n

[\u8bf4\u660e]\u8fd9\u91cc\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5404\u79cd\"\u786c\u76d8\u5b89\u88c5XX Linux\"\u7684\u7ffb\u7248\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u5c06\"vmlinuz\"\u4e0e\"initrd\"\u4eceISO\u4e2d\u89e3\u538b\u51fa\u6765\u800c\u5df2\u3002<\/p>\n

\"grub.cfg\"\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\"grub.cfg\"\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u7528\u4e8eBIOS\u4e0eUEFI\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f9b\u8bfb\u8005\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801:<\/b><\/div>\n
#################
\n## (1)\u7279\u6b8a\u53d8\u91cf ##
\n#################
\n#\u9ed8\u8ba4\u542f\u52a8\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u83dc\u5355\u9879
\nset default=0
\n#\u5982\u679c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u542f\u52a8\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u542f\u52a8\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u83dc\u5355\u9879
\nset fallback=1
\n#\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u5e38\u89c4\u76841024x768\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u83dc\u5355\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5931\u8d25\u518d\u81ea\u52a8\u5339\u914d\u5206\u8fa8\u7387
\nset gfxmode=1024x768,auto
\n#\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u5236\u4f5c\u768424px\u7684\u5927\u53f7\u5b57\u4f53\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b57\u4f53\u592a\u5c0f\u770b\u4e0d\u6e05
\nset gfxterm_font=WenQuanYiMicroHeiMono24px
\n#\u5c06GRUB2\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u7b80\u4f53\u4e2d\u6587\u754c\u9762
\nset lang=zh_CN
\n#\u6307\u5b9a\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6587\u4ef6(*.mo)\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u82e5\u672a\u660e\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u663e\u793a\u4e2d\u6587\u754c\u9762\u3002
\nset locale_dir=$prefix\/locale
\n#\u6bcf\u4e00\u6ee1\u5c4f\u540e\u6682\u505c\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u4fe1\u606f\u592a\u591a\u4e00\u95ea\u800c\u8fc7\u770b\u4e0d\u6e05
\nset pager=1
\n#\u5f00\u542f\u5bc6\u7801\u9a8c\u8bc1\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a'root'\u7684\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237
\nset superusers=root
\n#\u8bbe\u7f6e\u83dc\u5355\u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a5\u79d2
\nset timeout=5<\/p>\n

#################
\n## (2)\u516c\u5171\u6a21\u5757 ##
\n#################
\n#\u4e24\u79cd\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u683c\u5f0f
\ninsmod part_gpt
\ninsmod part_msdos
\n#\u5e38\u89c1\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u9a71\u52a8
\ninsmod btrfs
\ninsmod exfat
\ninsmod ext2
\ninsmod fat
\ninsmod iso9660
\ninsmod jfs
\ninsmod ntfs
\ninsmod reiserfs
\ninsmod udf
\ninsmod xfs
\ninsmod zfs
\n#\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u52a0\u8f7d\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u89c6\u9891\u9a71\u52a8
\ninsmod all_video
\n#\u56fe\u5f62\u6a21\u5f0f\u7ec8\u7aef
\ninsmod gfxterm
\n#\u80cc\u666f\u56fe\u7247\u652f\u6301
\ninsmod png<\/p>\n

#########################################
\n## (3)\u516c\u5171\u547d\u4ee4(\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u540e) ##
\n#########################################
\n#\u6fc0\u6d3b\u56fe\u5f62\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u6587\u548c\u80cc\u666f\u56fe
\nterminal_output\u00a0 gfxterm
\n#\u8bbe\u7f6e\u80cc\u666f\u56fe\u7247
\nbackground_image $prefix\/themes\/1024x768.png
\n#\u52a0\u8f7d\u81ea\u5df1\u5236\u4f5c\u768424px\u7684\u5927\u53f7\u5b57\u4f53\u6587\u4ef6($prefix\/fonts\/WenQuanYiMicroHeiMono24px.pf2)
\nloadfont WenQuanYiMicroHeiMono24px
\n#\u8bbe\u7f6e'root'\u7528\u6237\u7684\u54c8\u5e0c\u5bc6\u7801[\u901a\u8fc7\"grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2\"\u5de5\u5177\u751f\u6210]
\npassword_pbkdf2 root grub.pbkdf2.sha512.69.7DBCA469F80EA1C0A8A1E2FEBC4F8463.B073C1C89EC1E85309C3D6A1BAFF4356<\/p>\n

#################
\n## (4)\u83dc\u5355\u9879\u00a0 \u00a0##
\n#################<\/p>\n

menuentry '\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8(Windows)' --unrestricted {
\nif search --file --set --no-floppy \/bootmgr ; then
\nchainloader +1
\nelif search --file --set --no-floppy \/ntldr ; then
\nchainloader +1
\nelse
\necho '\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230Windows'
\nsleep --verbose 5
\nfi
\n}<\/p>\n

if [ 'pc' == $grub_platform ] ; then
\nmenuentry '\u7cfb\u7edf\u6551\u63f4(WinPE)' --users=root {
\nif search --file --set --no-floppy \/OS\/WinPE.iso ; then
\ninsmod memdisk
\nlinux16\u00a0 $prefix\/memdisk iso raw
\ninitrd16 \/OS\/WinPE.iso
\nfi
\n}
\nfi<\/p>\n

menuentry 'Ubuntu LiveCD amd64' --users=root {
\nif search --file --set --no-floppy \/OS\/Ubuntu.iso ; then
\nloopback loop0 \/OS\/Ubuntu.iso
\nset root=(loop0)
\nlinux\u00a0 \/casper\/vmlinuz.efi boot=casper iso-scan\/filename=\/OS\/Ubuntu.iso rootwait ro locale=zh_CN.UTF-8
\ninitrd \/casper\/initrd.lz
\nfi
\n}<\/p>\n

menuentry 'Gentoo LiveCD' --users=root {
\nif search --file --set --no-floppy \/OS\/gentoo\/image.squashfs ; then
\nif [ -f \/livecd -a -f \/OS\/gentoo\/gentoo -a -f \/OS\/gentoo\/gentoo.igz ] ; then
\nlinux\u00a0 \/OS\/gentoo\/gentoo cdroot looptype=squashfs loop=\/OS\/gentoo\/image.squashfs rootwait doscsi nodmraid nokeymap docache dosshd scandelay slowusb passwd=123
\ninitrd \/OS\/gentoo\/gentoo.igz
\nfi
\nfi
\n}<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

GRUB2\u6a21\u5757 \u5bf9\u4e8eGRUB-2.0.2\u7248\u672c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b98\u65b9\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u4e00\u5171\u6709200\u591a\u4e2a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7c7b […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[147],"class_list":["post-498","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-Technical_literature","tag-grub2"],"views":2408,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.datarelab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/498","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.datarelab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.datarelab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.datarelab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.datarelab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=498"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.datarelab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/498\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.datarelab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=498"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.datarelab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=498"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.datarelab.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=498"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}